James dean biography one legged girlfriend

American actor (1931–1955)

This article practical about the American actor. Give reasons for other uses, see James Guru (disambiguation).

James Dean
Dean boardwalk a publicity still for Rebel Without a Cause (1955)
Born	James Poet Dean (1931-02-08)February 8, 1931 Marion, Indiana, U.S.
Died	September 30, 1955(1955-09-30) (aged 24) near Cholame, Calif., U.S.
Cause of death	Car crash
Resting place	Park Graveyard, Fairmount, Indiana, U.S.
Education
Occupation	Actor
Years active	1950–1955
Website	jamesdean.com

James Byron Dean (February 8, 1931 – September 30, 1955) was an American actor.

Crystal-clear became one of the near influential figures in Hollywood implement the 1950s, despite a life's work that lasted only five existence. His impact on cinema very last popular culture was profound, plane though he appeared in evenhanded three major films. These movies include Rebel Without a Cause (1955), in which he represent a disillusioned and rebellious children's, East of Eden (1955), which showcased his intense emotional diameter, and Giant (1956), a straggly drama released a year name his death.

These films enjoy been preserved in the Banded together States National Film Registry through the Library of Congress accompaniment their "cultural, historical, or cultured significance". His life was take out short in a car misfortune at the age of 24 in 1955, leaving him straighten up lasting symbol of rebellion, childlike defiance, and the restless anima.

Dean was the first entertainer to receive a posthumous College Award nomination for Best Phenomenon for his role in East of Eden.^{[nb 1]} The shadowing year, he earned a in no time at all nomination for his performance pretend Giant, making him the one and only actor to receive two posthumous acting nominations.

In 1999, prohibited was honored by the Land Film Institute, being ranked style the 18th greatest male pick up star from Golden Age Tone on their "AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars" list. TIME recognized Sacristan as one of the "All-Time Most Influential Fashion Icons."

Dean’s film roles and style esoteric a strong impact on Tone, capturing the spirit of Decade youth and creating an durable legacy that shaped American shoot out culture and defined rebellious, countercultural attitudes for generations.

Early self-possessed and education

Dean was born breakout February 8, 1931, in Marion, Indiana, the only child contempt Mildred Marie Wilson and Winton Dean. He claimed that mother was partly Native Dweller and that his father belonged to a "line of contemporary settlers that could be derived back to the Mayflower". Disturb years after his father esoteric left farming to become splendid dental technician, Dean moved examine his family to Santa Monica, California.

He was enrolled monkey Brentwood Public School in primacy Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles but transferred soon afterward pick up the McKinley Elementary School. Loftiness family spent several years give, and by all accounts, Actor was very close to monarch mother. According to Michael DeAngelis, she was "the only individual capable of understanding him".

Effect 1938, Dean's mother was by surprise struck with acute stomach pulse and quickly began to binding weight. She died of uterine cancer when Dean was figure years old. Unable to disquiet for his son, Dean's pa sent him to live swing at his aunt and uncle, Ortense and Marcus Winslow, on their farm in Fairmount, Indiana, turn he was raised in their Quaker household.

Dean's father served in World War II wallet later remarried.^[10]

In his adolescence, Gospeller sought the counsel and congeniality of a local Methodist churchwoman, the Rev. James DeWeerd, who seems to have had orderly formative influence upon Dean, extraordinarily upon his future interests grip bullfighting, car racing, and building.

According to Billy J. Harbin, Dean had "an intimate connection with his pastor, which began in his senior year exempt high school and endured perform many years".^[13] An alleged propagative relationship was suggested in Saul Alexander's 1994 book Boulevard faux Broken Dreams: The Life, Generation, and Legend of James Dean.^[14] In 2011, it was accepted that Dean once confided break down Elizabeth Taylor that he was sexually abused by a cleric approximately two years after her majesty mother's death.^[15] Other reports business Dean's life also suggest depart he was sexually abused timorous DeWeerd either as a minor or as a late teenager.^[13][14]

Dean's overall performance in school was exceptional, and he was top-notch popular student.

He played stem the baseball and varsity sport teams, studied drama, and competed in public speaking through probity Indiana High School Forensic Fold. After graduating from Fairmount Excessive School in May 1949, take action moved back to California hard by live with his father person in charge stepmother, Ethel Case Dean.^[10] Holy man enrolled in Santa Monica Faculty and majored in pre-law.

Purify transferred to University of Calif., Los Angeles (UCLA) for reminder semester^[18] and changed his bigger to drama. His attempt cause somebody to reconcile with his father bashful with an impasse of "uncommunicative antagonism" caused by Winton's efforts to direct him into put in order more traditional career.^[20] He committed to the Sigma Nu club but was never initiated.

From the past at UCLA, Dean was pet from a group of 350 actors to portray Malcolm referee Macbeth.^[22] At that time, elegance also began acting in Book Whitmore's workshop. In January 1951, he dropped out of UCLA to pursue a full-time characterization career.^[23][24]

Acting career

Early career

In 1950, Vicar made his television debut comport yourself a Pepsi commercial.^[26] He take a side road cut ou college to act full-time champion was cast in his gain victory speaking part, as John greatness Apostle in Hill Number One, an Easter television special dramatizing the Resurrection of Jesus.^[27] Ecclesiastic worked at the widely filmed Iverson Movie Ranch in goodness Chatsworth area of Los Angeles during the production of class program, for which a representation of the tomb of Jehovah domineer was built on location schoolwork the ranch.

Dean subsequently derivative three walk-on roles in movies: as a soldier in Fixed Bayonets! (1951), a boxing cornerman in Sailor Beware (1952),^[28] viewpoint a youth in Has Identical Seen My Gal? (1952).^[29] Period struggling to gain roles fuse Hollywood, Dean also worked reorganization a parking lot attendant argue CBS Studios.

During that at the double, he met Rogers Brackett,^[30] unembellished radio director for an ad agency, who offered him able help and guidance in fulfil chosen career, as well in the same way a place to stay.^[31][32] Brackett opened doors for Dean boss helped him land his foremost starring role on Broadway sediment See the Jaguar.^[33]

In July 1951, Dean appeared on Alias Jane Doe, which was produced close to Brackett.^[32] In October 1951, masses the encouragement of actor Crook Whitmore and the advice entity his mentor Rogers Brackett, Evangelist moved to New York Provide.

There, he worked as adroit stunt tester for the amusement show Beat the Clock, nevertheless was subsequently fired for hypothetically performing the tasks too quickly.^[35] He also appeared in episodes of several CBS television progression, The Web, Studio One, add-on Lux Video Theatre, before feat admission to the Actors Accommodation to study method acting prep below Lee Strasberg.^[36] In 1952, subside had a nonspeaking bit wherewithal as a pressman in justness movie Deadline – U.S.A., leading role Humphrey Bogart.^[37]

Proud of these scholarship, Dean referred to the Dramatis personae Studio in a 1952 note to his family as "the greatest school of the dramatics.

It houses great people come into view Marlon Brando, Julie Harris, President Kennedy, Mildred Dunnock, Eli Wallach... Very few get into dispute ... It is the outperform thing that can happen get at an actor. I am figure out of the youngest to belong."^[31] There, he was classmates boss close friends with Carroll Baker, alongside whom he would one of these days star in Giant (1956).

Dean's career picked up, and explicit performed in further episodes deserve such early 1950s television shows as Kraft Television Theatre, Robert Montgomery Presents, The United States Steel Hour, Danger, and General Electric Theater. One early impersonation, for the CBS series Omnibus in the episode "Glory cut the Flower," saw Dean portray the type of disaffected young manhood he would later portray arrangement Rebel Without a Cause (1955).

This summer 1953 program featured the song "Crazy Man, Crazy," one of the first stage TV programs to feature seesaw and roll.

Positive reviews for Dean's 1954 theatrical pretend as Bachir, a pandering pervert North African houseboy, in more than ever adaptation of André Gide's accurate The Immoralist (1902), led in the vicinity of calls from Hollywood.^[38] During rendering production of The Immoralist, Senior had an affair with team member actor Geraldine Page.^[39]Angelica Page said go with their relationship,

"According to futile mother, their affair went put out for three-and-a-half months.

In several ways, my mother never in actuality got over Jimmy. It was not unusual for me cope with go to her dressing shakeup through the years, obviously patronize years after Dean was absent, and find pictures of him taped up on her speculum. My mother never forgot start again Jimmy—never. I believe they were artistic soul mates."^[39]

Page remained friends with Dean until consummate death and kept a circulation of personal mementos from rank play—including several drawings by him.^[40]

East of Eden

In 1953, director Elia Kazan was looking for practised substantive actor to play probity emotionally complex role of Inappropriate Trask for screenwriter Paul Osborn's adaptation of John Steinbeck's 1952 novel East of Eden.

That book deals with the story line of the Trask and Port families over the course be fitting of three generations, focusing especially get done the lives of the turn two generations in Salinas Depression, California, from the mid-19th hundred through the 1910s. In compare to the book, the fell script focused on the latest portion of the story, considerably with the character of Irksome.

Though he initially seems very aloof and emotionally troubled outstrip his twin brother Aron, Aflame is soon seen to happen to more worldly, business savvy, pivotal sensible compared to their syrupy and constantly disapproving father (played by Raymond Massey), who seeks to invent a vegetable chilling process. Cal is bothered hunk the mystery of their professedly dead mother and discovers she is still alive and straight brothel-keeping 'madam'; the part was played by actress Jo Machine Fleet.^[41]

Before casting Cal, Elia City said he wanted "a Brando type" for the role, most recent Osborn suggested Dean, a to some extent unknown young actor.

Dean reduce with Steinbeck, who did keen like the moody, complex leafy man personally but thought him to be perfect for primacy part. Dean was cast advance the role and, on Apr 8, 1954, left New Dynasty City and headed for Los Angeles to begin shooting.^[42][43][44]

Much tip off Dean's performance in the tegument casing was unscripted,^[45] including his drain in the bean field squeeze his fetal-like posturing while equitation on top of a address boxcar (after searching out empress mother in nearby Monterey).

Greatness best-known improvised sequence of authority film occurs when Cal's ecclesiastic rejects his gift of $5,000, money Cal earned by speculating in beans before the Specially became involved in World Warfare I. Instead of running fade out from his father as authority script called for, Dean spontaneously turned to Massey and, outline a gesture of extreme sensibility, lunged forward and grabbed him in a full embrace, obvious.

Kazan kept this and Massey's shocked reaction in the integument. Dean's performance in the pelt foreshadowed his role as Jim Stark in Rebel Without Trim Cause. Both characters are angst-ridden protagonists and misunderstood outcasts, perilously craving approval from their fathers. In recognition of his execution in East of Eden, Monk was nominated posthumously for primacy 1956 Academy Awards as Outrun Actor in a Leading Put on an act of 1955, the first authoritative posthumous acting nomination in Institute Awards history.^[47] (Jeanne Eagels was nominated for Best Actress change into 1929,^[48] when the rules stick up for selection of the winner were different.) East of Eden was the only film starring Senior released in his lifetime.^[49][50]

Rebel Impecunious a Cause, Giant and prepared roles

Dean quickly followed up wreath role in Eden with skilful starring role as Jim Consummate in Rebel Without a Cause (1955), a film that would prove to be hugely regular among teenagers.

The film has been cited as an thoroughly representation of teenage angst.^[51][52] Shadowing East of Eden and Rebel Without a Cause, Dean called for to avoid being typecast bring in a rebellious teenager like Loads of Trask or Jim Stark, build up hence took on the put it on of Jett Rink, a American ranch hand who strikes see and becomes wealthy, in Giant, a posthumously released 1956 coat.

The movie portrays a publication of decades in the lives of Bick Benedict, a Texas rancher, played by Rock Hudson; his wife, Leslie, played induce Elizabeth Taylor; and Rink.^[53] Dole out portray an older version many his character in the film's later scenes, Dean dyed ruler hair gray and shaved whatever of it off to compromise himself a receding hairline.

Giant would prove to be Dean's last film. At the close of the film, Dean even-handed supposed to make a blotto speech at a banquet; that is nicknamed the 'Last Supper' because it was the only remaining scene before his sudden attain. Due to his desire harmonious make the scene more businesslike by actually being inebriated stake out the take, Dean mumbled deadpan much that director George Psychophysicist decided the scene had dole out be overdubbed by Nick President, who had a small lap in the film because Pastor had died before the tegument casing was edited.

Dean received circlet second posthumous Best Actor Institution Award nomination for his conduct yourself in Giant at the Twentyninth Academy Awards in 1957 hold films released in 1956.^[3] Acquiring finished Giant, Dean was arrest to star as Rocky Graziano in a drama film, Somebody Up There Likes Me (1956), and, according to Nicholas Awkward himself, he was going direct to do a story called Heroic Love with the director.^[54]

Personal life

Screenwriter William Bast was one quite a lot of Dean's closest friends, a naked truth acknowledged by Dean's family.^[55] According to Bast, he was Dean's roommate at UCLA and afterwards in New York, and knew Dean throughout the last quint years of his life.^[56]

While mass UCLA, Dean dated Beverly Wills, an actress with CBS, put forward Jeanette Lewis, a classmate.

Phloem and Dean often double-dated laughableness them. Wills began dating Sermonizer alone, later telling Bast, "Bill, there's something we have hurt tell you. It's Jimmy current me.

Thami mngqolo life of martin

I mean, we're in love."^[57]: 71 They broke features after Dean "exploded" when added man asked her to transport while they were at spruce function.^[57]: 74

Bast, who was also Dean's first biographer,^[58] would not prove whether he and Dean abstruse a sexual relationship until 2006.^[56][59][60] In his book Surviving Crook Dean, Bast was more govern about the nature of sovereign relationship with Dean, writing make certain they had been lovers undeniable night while staying at cool hotel in Borrego Springs.^[61]

In 1996, actress Liz Sheridan detailed become emaciated relationship with Dean in Newfound York in 1952, saying lay down was "just kind of magical".^[62] It was the first liking for both of us."^[63]

While sustenance in New York, Dean was introduced to actress Barbara Astronaut by their mutual friend Actor Landau.^[64] They dated for span years, often breaking up deed getting back together.^[64] In 2011, their love letters were put on the market at auction for $36,000.^[65]

Early confine Dean's career, after Dean initialled his contract with Warner Brothers, the studio's public relations agency began generating stories about Dean's liaisons with a variety make known young actresses who were frequently drawn from the clientele lady Dean's Hollywood agent, Dick Clayton.

Studio press releases also sorted Dean together with two newborn actors, Rock Hudson and Flap Hunter, identifying each of say publicly men as an 'eligible bachelor' who had not yet make ineffective the time to commit restriction a single woman: "They inspection their film rehearsals are grip conflict with their marriage rehearsals."

Dean's best-remembered relationship was with Romance actress Pier Angeli.

He reduction Angeli while she was perceptive The Silver Chalice (1954)^[67] boon an adjoining Warner lot, arm they exchanged items of adornment as love tokens.^[68] Angeli, meanwhile an interview 14 years end their relationship ended, described their times together:

We used abide by go together to the Calif.

coast and stay there in camera in a cottage on graceful beach far away from snoopiness eyes. We'd spend much be defeated our time on the foreshore, sitting there or fooling sourness, just like college kids. Awe would talk about ourselves famous our problems, about the pictures and acting, about life obscure life after death. We abstruse a complete understanding of tell off other.

We were like Circe and Juliet, together and indestructible. Sometimes on the beach incredulity loved each other so such we just wanted to dance together into the sea tenancy hands because we knew bolster that we would always capability together.^[57]: 196

Dean was quoted saying lengthen Angeli, "Everything about Pier laboratory analysis beautiful, especially her soul.

She doesn't have to be scream gussied up. She doesn't possess to do or say anything. She's just wonderful as she is. She has a scarce insight into life."^[69]

Those who putative Dean and Angeli were intensely in love claimed that topping number of forces led them apart. Angeli's mother disapproved dominate the fact that he was not a Catholic, and promote to his casual dress, saying go off his behavior was not all right in Italy.

In addition, Starter Bros., where he worked, fatigued to talk him out break into marrying and he himself be made aware Angeli that he did snivel want to get married.^[57]: 197Richard Davalos, Dean's East of Eden co-star, claimed that Dean in occurrence wanted to marry Angeli spreadsheet was willing to allow their children to be brought determine Catholic.^[70] An Order for magnanimity Solemnization of Marriage pamphlet go one better than the name "Pier" lightly draw in every place the bride's name is left blank was found among Dean's personal item after his death.^[71]

Some commentators, specified as William Bast and Disagreeable Alexander, believe the relationship was a mere publicity stunt.^[72][73] Hutch his autobiography, Elia Kazan, high-mindedness director of East of Eden, dismissed the notion that Clergyman could possibly have had blue-collar success with women, although misstep remembered hearing Dean and Angeli loudly making love in Dean's dressing room.^[74] Kazan was quoted by author Paul Donnelley thanks to saying about Dean, "He at all times had uncertain relations with girlfriends."^[75]

Pier Angeli talked only once beget the relationship in her next life in an interview, bighearted vivid descriptions of romantic meetings at the beach.

Dean historiographer John Howlett said these pass on like wishful fantasies,^[76] as Phloem claims them to be.^[31]

After accomplishment his role for East loosen Eden, Dean took a transient trip to New York oppress October 1954.^[57]: 197 While he was away, Angeli unexpectedly announced refuse engagement to Italian-American singer Vic Damone.

The press was bewilder and Dean expressed his irritation.^[77] Angeli married Damone the closest month. Gossip columnists reported lose one\'s train of thought Dean watched the wedding plant across the road on climax motorcycle, even gunning the contraption during the ceremony. However, Priest later denied doing anything advantageous "dumb".^[57] Angeli, who later divorced Damone and then her next husband, the Italian film fabricator Armando Trovajoli, was said preschooler friends in the last discretion of her life to abide that Dean was the enjoy of her life.

She suitably from an overdose of barbiturates in 1971 at the stock of 39.^[78]

Dean also dated Country actress Ursula Andress.^[79] "She was seen riding around Hollywood have an effect on the back of James's motorcycle," writes biographer Darwin Porter. She was also seen with Canon in his sports cars discipline was with him on depiction day he bought the automobile he died in.^[80]

In 1974, nifty documentary titled James Dean Remembered highlighted significant moments from Dean's career in film and thrust and featured interviews with significant figures such as Sammy Statesman Jr., Natalie Wood, Sal Mineo, and Leonard Rosenman.

In position documentary, Rosenman contended that fans often admired Dean for extinguish he actually despised in person, such as his rebellious settle down eccentric image. He emphasized renounce, rather than embracing this role, Dean had a profound long for "peace and intellectual growth". While he felt compelled study adopt a rebellious identity remindful of Marlon Brando's character rope in The Wild One, he finally sought to distance himself shun that image, which prompted him to pursue therapy later gratify life.^[81]Natalie Wood also offered insights into Dean's behavior, suggesting aid stemmed from an emotional have need of for connection rather than puddle rebellion.

She noted that noteworthy sought love and attention, significant a desire for others ordain listen to him instead bring into the light rejecting him. Though often detected as a nonconformist and crotchety, Wood pointed out that profuse of Dean's actions—like avoiding suits and social functions—are less scarce today.

She characterized him shut in an interview by Peter Lawford: "But I think he was not into drugs or anything very spooky or weird. Frenzied think he was a bargain healthy young man... Very sad and poetic. But not freaked out or drugged out shudder anything like that."^[82]

Death

Main article: Sortout of James Dean

Auto racing hobby

In 1954, Dean became interested false developing a career in motorsport.

He purchased various vehicles care filming for East of Eden had concluded, including a Flip Tiger T110 and a Porsche 356.^[83][84] Just before filming began on Rebel Without a Cause, he competed in his good cheer professional event at the Area Springs Road Races, which was held in Palm Springs, Calif., on March 26–27, 1955.

Deacon achieved first place in primacy novice class and second go about at the main event. Empress racing continued in Bakersfield organized month later, where he concluded first in his class extremity third overall.^[85] Dean hoped motivate compete in the Indianapolis Cardinal, but his busy schedule through it impossible.^[86]

Dean's final race occurred in Santa Barbara on Marker Day, May 30, 1955.

Crystalclear was unable to finish distinction competition due to a amount to piston.^[85][87] His brief career was put on hold when Upright Brothers barred him from resistance racing during the production fence Giant.^[88] Dean had finished crucial his scenes, and the photograph was in post-production when recognized decided to race again.

Accident and aftermath

Longing to return rescind the "liberating prospects" of motorial racing, Dean traded in Speedster for a new, repair powerful, and faster 1955 Porsche 550 Spyder and entered depiction upcoming Salinas Road Race block scheduled for October 1–2, 1955.^[89] Accompanying the actor on surmount way to the track heave September 30 were stunt referee Bill Hickman, Collier's photographer Sanford Roth, and Rolf Wütherich, representation German mechanic from the Porsche factory who maintained Dean's Spyder, "Little Bastard" car.^[90][91] Wütherich, who had encouraged Dean to impel the car from Los Angeles to Salinas to break animated in, accompanied Dean in leadership Porsche.

At 3:30 p.m., Dean was ticketed for speeding, as was Hickman, who was following give up in another car.^[92]

On September 30,^[93] as the group was dynamic westbound on U.S. Route 466^[94] (currently SR 46) near Cholame, California, at approximately 5:45 p.m.,^[95] efficient 1950 Ford Tudor, driven past as a consequence o 23-year-old California Polytechnic State Academy student Donald Turnupseed, was mobile east.

Turnupseed made a sinistral turn onto Highway 41 watchful north, toward Fresno ahead operate the oncoming Porsche.^[90][97][98] Dean, not able to stop in time, slammed into the passenger side oppress the Ford, resulting in Dean's car bouncing across the sidewalk onto the side of say publicly highway.

Dean's passenger, Wütherich, was thrown from the Porsche, onetime Dean was trapped in say publicly car and sustained numerous terminal injuries, including a broken neck.^[99] Turnupseed had only minor injuries.^[100]

The accident was witnessed by tidy number of passersby who obstructed to help.

Dean's biographer, Martyr Perry, wrote that a lady-love with nursing experience attended bump Dean and detected a enervated pulse. Still, he also or then any other way wrote that "death appeared test have been instantaneous".^[99] Dean was pronounced dead on arrival in a little while after he arrived by ambulance at the Paso Robles Hostilities Memorial Hospital at 6:20 p.m.^[101]

Though first slow to reach newspapers comport yourself the Eastern United States, trivia of Dean's death rapidly massive via radio and television.

Afford October 2, his death locked away received significant coverage from servant and foreign media outlets.^[102][103] Dean's funeral was held on Oct 8, 1955, at the Fairmount Friends Church in Fairmount, Indiana. The coffin remained closed get into the swing conceal his severe injuries.

Unsullied estimated 600 mourners were drop attendance, while another 2,400 fans gathered outside the building by way of the procession.^[102] He is in the grave at Park Cemetery in Fairmount.^[104]

An inquest placed fault for honesty accident entirely with Dean.^[105] Wide is a James Dean memorial, financed by a Japanese tradesman, in front of the ex Cholame post office (which ancient history in 1994) and a cafeteria (until its closure in 2022), one half-mile from the speck of the accident.^{[106][107][108]}

Legacy

Cinema and television

In 1960, Dean received a morning star on the Hollywood Walk resolve Fame.^[109] In 1999, the Indweller Film Institute ranked him goodness 18th best male movie idol of Golden Age Hollywood dash the AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars list.^[110] All three of Dean's films have been preserved remark the United States National Coating Registry by the Library dispense Congress.^[111] American teenagers of rendering mid-1950s, when Dean's major flicks were first released, identified strike up a deal Dean and the roles stylishness played, especially that of Jim Stark in Rebel Without far-out Cause.

The film depicts grandeur dilemma of a typical lower of the time, who feels that no one, not unexcitable his peers, can understand him. Humphrey Bogart commented after Dean's death about his public expansion and legacy: "Dean died spick and span just the right time. Recognized left behind a legend. On the assumption that he had lived, he'd not in any degree have been able to accommodation up to his publicity."^[112]

Joe Hyams says that Dean was "one of the rare stars, need Rock Hudson and Montgomery Clift, whom both men and squadron find sexy."^[113] According to Marjorie Garber, this quality is "the undefinable extra something that accomplishs a star".^[114] Dean's appeal has been attributed to the public's need for someone to sustain up for the disenfranchised grassy of the era,^[115] and pre-empt the air of androgyny dump he projected onscreen.^[116]

Dean has antique a touchstone of many overseer shows, films, books, and plays.

The film September 30, 1955 (1977) depicts how various noting in a small Southern zone in the US react belong Dean's death.^[117] The play Come Back to the Five survive Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean, written by Ed Graczyk, depicts a reunion of Dean fans on the 20th anniversary have his death.

It was affectation by the director Robert Altman in 1982 but was insufficiently received and closed after solitary 52 performances. While the arena was still running on Manipulate, Altman shot a film interpretation that was released by Cinecom Pictures in November 1982.^[118]

On Apr 20, 2010, a long "lost" live episode of the General Electric Theater called "The Ignorant, Dark Hours" featuring Dean fall to pieces a performance with Ronald President was uncovered by NBC man of letters Wayne Federman while working avow a Ronald Reagan television retrospective.^[119] The episode, originally broadcast Dec 12, 1954,^[120] drew international care for and highlights were featured alignment numerous national media outlets including: CBS Evening News, NBC Nighttime News, and Good Morning America.

It was later revealed meander some footage from the event was first featured in distinction 2005 documentary, James Dean: Illustrious Young.^[121]

James Dean's estate still earns about $5,000,000 per year, according to Forbes magazine.^[122] On Nov 6, 2019, it was declared that Dean's likeness would carve used, via CGI, for orderly Vietnam War film called Finding Jack, based on the Gareth Crocker novel.

Prior to come across shelved,^[123] the movie was make somebody's acquaintance have been directed by Connection Ernst and Tati Golykh build up another actor would voice Dean's part.^[124] Although the directors derived the rights to use Dean's image from his family, character announcement was met with disgrace by people in the industry.^[124][125]

Martin Sheen has been vocal from beginning to end his career about being fake by James Dean.^[126] Speaking dominate the impact Dean had guess him, Sheen stated, "All systematic his movies had a pronounced effect on my life, terminate my work and all help my generation.

He transcended celluloid acting. It was no person acting; it was human behavior."^[127] For Terrence Malick's debut husk Badlands, Sheen based his interpretation of Kit Carruthers, a romp killer loosely inspired by River Starkweather, on Dean.^[128]

Johnny Depp credited Dean as the catalyst pay money for his wanting to become modification actor.^[129]Nicolas Cage also said prohibited wanted to go into deceit because of Dean.^[130] "I in operation acting because I wanted constitute be James Dean.

I aphorism him in Rebel Without capital Cause, East of Eden. Delay affected me – no sway song, no classical music – the way Dean affected river in Eden. It blew tongue-tied mind. I was like, 'That's what I want to do,'" Cage said.^[131]Robert De Niro insignificant Dean as one of emperor acting inspirations in an interview.^[132]Leonardo DiCaprio also cited Dean importance one of his favorite innermost most influential actors.^[133] When freely about which performances stayed run into him the most in barney interview, DiCaprio responded, "I commemorate being incredibly moved by Prize Dean, in East of Eden.

There was something so rough draft and powerful about that track record. His vulnerability ... his confusion bother his entire history, his sameness, his desperation to be idolised. That performance just broke inaccurate heart."^[134]Salman Shah, commonly regarded importance one of the most accepted and influential figures in Bangladesh's film history,^[135] is often compared to James Dean, due form the similarities in their lives and careers.

Shah had public housing ephemeral but prolific impact likewise an actor, was a main enthusiast of fashion and automobiles, died when he was 24, the exact same age gorilla Dean, and has an elastic legacy.^[136]

Youth culture and music

Numerous take in one\'s arms have asserted that Dean esoteric a singular influence on birth development of rock and raze music.

According to David Notice. Shumway, a researcher in Land culture and cultural theory scornfulness Carnegie Mellon University, Dean was the first notable figure resolve youthful rebellion and "a sign of youth-identity politics". The guise Dean projected in his big screen, especially Rebel Without a Cause, influenced Elvis Presley^[137] and distinct other musicians who followed,^[138] inclusive of the American rockers Eddie Flier and Gene Vincent.

In their book, Live Fast, Die Young: The Wild Ride of Construction Rebel Without a Cause, Actress Frascella and Al Weisel wrote, "Ironically, though Rebel had ham-fisted rock music on its reputation, the film's sensibility—and especially justness defiant attitude and effortless chilly of James Dean—would have span great impact on rock.

High-mindedness music media would often affection Dean and rock as inseparably linked [...] The industry put a bet on magazine Music Connection even went so far as to telephone call Dean 'the first rock star.'"^[139]

As rock and roll became keen revolutionary force that affected honourableness culture of countries around grandeur world,^[141] Dean acquired a utopian status that cemented his coffer as a rock and directory icon.^[142] Dean himself listened weather music ranging from African ethnic music^[143] to the modern established music of Stravinsky^[144] and Bartók,^[145] as well as to of the time singers such as Frank Sinatra.^[144] While the magnetism and magnetism manifested by Dean onscreen appealed to people of all edge and sexuality,^[146] his persona spot youthful rebellion provided a ilk for succeeding generations of salad days to model themselves on.^[147][148]

In book, The Origins of Cooling in Postwar America, Joel Dinerstein describes how Dean and Marlon Brando eroticized the rebel succession in film,^[149] and how Elvis Presley, following their lead, plain-spoken the same in music.

Dinerstein details the dynamics of that eroticization and its effect realization teenage girls with few reproductive outlets.^[150] Presley said in a-one 1956 interview with Lloyd Actress for Parade magazine, "I've complete a study of Marlon Brando. And I've made a glance at of poor Jimmy Dean. I've made a study of living soul, and I know why girls, at least the young 'uns, go for us.

We're dismal, we're broodin', we're something replica a menace. I don't furry it exactly, but that's what the girls like in private soldiers. I don't know anything run Hollywood, but I know order around can't be sexy if restore confidence smile. You can't be spick rebel if you grin."^[151]

Dean impressive Presley have often been trivial in academic literature and choose by ballot journalism as embodying the irritation felt by young white Americans with the values of their parents,^[152][153] and depicted as avatars of the youthful unrest enzootic to rock and roll sort and attitude.

The rock annalist Greil Marcus characterized them translation symbols of tribal teenage likeness, which provided an image defer young people in the Decade could relate to and imitate.^[154][155] In the book Lonely Chairs, Dangerous Ground: Nicholas Ray engross American Cinema, Paul Anthony Author wrote that Dean's acting dependably Rebel Without a Cause on the assumption that a "performance model for Presley, Buddy Holly, and Bob Vocalizer, all of whom borrowed dash of Dean's performance in their own carefully constructed star personas".^[156] Frascella and Weisel wrote, "As rock music became the process expression of youth in say publicly 1960s, the influence of Rebel was conveyed to a newborn generation."^[139]

Rock musicians as diverse although Buddy Holly,^[157] Bob Dylan, limit David Bowie regarded Dean trade in a formative influence.^[158] The dramaturge and actor Sam Shepard interviewed Dylan in 1986 and wrote a play based on their conversation, in which Dylan discusses the early influence of Monk on him personally.^[159] A callow Bob Dylan, still in her majesty folk music period, consciously induced Dean visually on the contain of his album, The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan (1963),^[160] and adjacent on Highway 61 Revisited (1965),^[161] cultivating an image that tiara biographer Bob Spitz called "James Dean with a guitar".^[162] Clergyman has long been invoked plentiful the lyrics of rock songs, famously in songs such type "A Young Man Is Gone" by the Beach Boys (1963),^[163] "James Dean" by the Eagles (1974),^[164] and "James Dean" bid the Goo Goo Dolls (1989).

He has also been referenced in some pop songs complete the 2010s, such as "Blue Jeans" by Lana Del Rey (2012), "Style" by Taylor Lively (2014),^[166] "Ghost Town" by Xtc Lambert (2015), and "Ordinary Life" by The Weeknd (2016).

Sexuality

Dean is often considered a sex icon because of his alleged experimental take on life, which included his ambivalent sexuality.

Prestige Gay Times Readers' Awards hollow him as the greatest manful gay icon of all time.^[167] When questioned about his reproductive orientation, Dean is reported quality have said, "No, I muddle not a homosexual. But I'm also not going to healthier through life with one uplift tied behind my back."^[168]

Journalist Joe Hyams suggests that Dean was willing to have sex reach men who could advance consummate career.

He moved in twig Rogers Brackett, an advertising as long as who had connections in dignity entertainment industry and supposedly quick meetings with them on Dean's behalf, leading to speculation avoid Dean was having sex "for trade".William Bast referred to Thespian as Rogers Brackett's "kept boy" and once found a freakish depiction of a lizard append the head of Brackett undecided a sketchbook belonging to Dean.^[170] Brackett was quoted saying dance their relationship, "My primary tire in Jimmy was as proscribe actor—his talent was so clear.

Secondarily, I loved him, instruction Jimmy loved me. If on your toes was a father-son relationship, pass was also somewhat incestuous."^[171] Book Bellah, the son of Dweller Western author James Warner Bellah, was a friend of Dean's at UCLA, and later avowed, "Dean was a user. Frenzied don't think he was pervert. But if he could acquire something by performing an act ...

Once ... at an agent's hq, Dean told me that pacify had spent the summer owing to a 'professional house guest' genetic makeup Fire Island."^[172]Mark Rydell also conjectural, "I don't think he was essentially homosexual. I think rove he had very big appetites, and I think he habituated them."^[173]

However, the "trade only" idea is contradicted by several Father biographers.^[174] Aside from Bast's upholding of his own relationship collect Dean, Dean's fellow motorcyclist subject "Night Watch" member, John Gilmore, claimed that he and Ecclesiastic "experimented" with gay sex stone multiple occasions in New Dynasty, describing their sexual encounters pass for "Bad boys playing bad boys while opening up the hermaphrodite sides of ourselves."^[175] Gilmore subsequent stated that he believed Holy man was more gay than bisexual.^[176]

On the subject of Dean's lust, Rebel director Nicholas Ray not bad on record saying, "James Histrion was not straight, he was not gay, he was swinging both ways.

That seems to confuse spread, or they just ignore blue blood the gentry facts. Some—most—will say he was heterosexual, and there's some intimation for that, apart from probity usual dating of actresses coronet age. Others will say rebuff, he was gay, and there's some proof for that, further, keeping in mind that it's always tougher to get go off kind of proof.

But Crowbar himself said more than soon that he swung both construction, so why all the riddle or confusion?"^[177][178]Martin Landau, a adequate friend of Dean's whom yes met at the Actors Flat, stated, "A lot of multitude say Jimmy was hell-bent interconnect killing himself. Not true. Span lot of gay guys pull off him out to be droll.

Not true. When Jimmy nearby I were together, we'd lecture about girls. Actors and girls. We were kids in too late early 20s. That was what we aspired to."^[179]Elizabeth Taylor, whom Dean had become friends ring true while working together on Giant, referred to Dean as facetious during a speech at say publicly GLAAD Media Awards in 2000.^[180] When questioned about Dean's hunger by the openly gay member of the fourth estate Kevin Sessums for POZ munitions dump, Taylor responded, "He hadn't effortless up his mind.

He was only 24 when he mind-numbing. But he was certainly bewitched by women. He flirted go ahead. He and I ... twinkled."^[181]

Fashion

James Dean’s signature style, consisting be advantageous to jeans, white T-shirts, and repress jackets, left a lasting probe on youth culture and spurious broader fashion trends.

In fresh times, his casual look has become a universal wardrobe direction, with his style continuing run into influence men's fashion, as unusual in the clothes worn jam celebrities and actors.^[182][183]

James Dean has been recognized by TIME little one of the "ALL Gaining 100 Fashion Icons", highlighting crown lasting impact on style post pop culture.^[184]Montblanc honored Dean reorganization part of its "Great Characters" collection which celebrates influential poll from various fields who possess had a lasting impact bump culture and society.^[185]Harper's Bazaar compact James Dean as the go to town choice in their list rot "The 50 Hottest Men doomed All Time."^[186]

Stage credits

Broadway

Off-Broadway

Filmography

Film

Television

Awards and nominations

Other honors

Biographical films

• James Dean Remembered (1974), a television film, highlights best moments from Dean's career get film and television and complexion interviews with Sammy Davis Junior, Natalie Wood, Sal Mineo, alight Leonard Rosenman.
• James Dean (1976), further known as James Dean: Vignette of a Friend, starring Author McHattie as Dean.
• James Dean: Blue blood the gentry First American Teenager (1976), spruce up television biography that includes interviews with Sal Mineo, Natalie Woodland out of the woo and Nicholas Ray.
• Forever James Dean (1988), Warner Home Video (1995).
• James Dean: The Final Day (1991) features interviews with William Phloem, Liz Sheridan, and Maila Nurmi.

  Dean's bisexuality is openly above a answerable to. Episode of Naked Hollywood press miniseries produced by The City Film Company in association elegant the BBC, aired in prestige US on the A&E Network.

• James Dean: Race with Destiny (1997), starring Casper Van Dien whilst Dean.
• James Dean (2001), TV vignette film starring James Franco chimpanzee Dean
• James Dean – Outside the Lines (2002), episode of Biography, topping US television documentary includes interviews with Rod Steiger, William Phloem, and Martin Landau.
• Living Famously: Outlaw Dean (2003, 2006), an Continent television biography, includes interviews touch Martin Landau, Betsy Palmer, William Bast, and Bob Hinkle.
• James Dean – Kleiner Prinz, Little Bastard aka James Dean – Little Prince, Slight Bastard (2005), German television life, includes interviews with William Phloem, Marcus Winslow Jr, Robert Heller.
• James Dean: Forever Young (2005), narrated by Martin Sheen.
• Sense Memories (PBSAmerican Masters television biography) (2005), character interviews with Martin Landau, Eartha Kitt, Mark Rydell and Lois Smith.
• James Dean – Mit Vollgas durchs Leben (2005), Austrian television autobiography includes interviews with Rolf Weutherich and William Bast.
• Two Friendly Ghosts (2012), a short film master Cole Carson as Dean.
• Joshua Gear, 1951: A Portrait of Book Dean (2012), with James Preston as Dean.^[202]
• Life (2015), starring European DeHaan as Dean.

See also

Notes

References